Formatting code for FileSystemResize
{{parent page="Linux"}}
===Linux partition resize without LVM===
This example involves resizing a linux partition sitting on an HP smartarray volume. I have a 4x36G RAID0+1 volume, which I tend to double its size. On the volume, I have a root partition, followed by a swap partition:
%%(fdisk -l)
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 8723 x 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 8724 8854 x 82 Linux swap / Solaris
%%
One should also do the following and save the output
%%
dumpe2fs /dev/sda1 | grep -i "Block size"
du -k
du -mh
%%
==Step 1: swapping in bigger drives==
Because the volume contains redundant drives, I can swap in 4 74G drives one at a time. Just wait till the rebuild completes before moving on to the next drive. On my test server with only the OS, each round of rebuild takes only 15min.
==Step 2: Extending the volume==
Check that all 4 drives are in, you should see 4 74G drives
%%
hpacucli ctrl slot=0 pd all show
%%
Check the logical drive is ready
%%
hpacucli ctrl slot=0 pd all show
%%
Then resize the logical drive. This an be done while your system is online
%%
hpacucli ctrl slot=0 ld 1 modify size=max
%%
==Step 3: Reboot system into rescue mode==
Using a Linux installation CD, reboot your server into rescue mode. There is no need to start networking or mount the existing OS partitions.
==Step 4: fsck==
Before doing anything, it is important to run fsck to make sure the filesystem is clean
%%
fsck -n /dev/cciss/c0d0p1
%%
==Step 5: Remove journal on ext3 filesystem==
Effectively making it a ext2 filesystem
%%
tune2fs -O ^has_journal /dev/sda1
%%
==Step 6: Reset partition boundary==
This is the scary part, but don't worry, you won't loose any data unless you set up a new partition that is smaller than the original one.
%%
fdisk /dev/sda
delete the swap partition (2) with the "d" command
delete the linux partition (1) with the "d" command
recreate the linux partition with the "n" command. It should begin with 1, and ends with the total size - swap size.
recreate the swap partition using the remaining space
change swap partition type using the "t" command
mark linux partition active (bootable) with the "a" command
commit the changes with the "w" command
quit fdisk
sync;sync;sync;^d
%%
The last command should reboot your system, which is required for the new partitions to take effect
==Step 7: Resize ext2 filesystem==
If you have ext3, you may use ext2online to enlarge your filesystem while it's mounted
%%
ext2online /dev/sda1
%%
Otherwise, run fs check and then resize2fs.
%%
e2fsck -f /dev/sda1
resize2fs /dev/sda1
%%
Using resize2fs without any argument will grow the filesystem to the maximum allowable size.
==Step 8: Final steps==
Do a fs check and add recreate the journal entries, effectively converting the ext2 fs back to ext3
%%
fsck -n /dev/sda1
tune2fs -j /dev/sda1
sync;sync;sync;^d
%%
The last command should reboot your system. When the system comes back up, you have a bigger root partition! Pay attention to the swap partition. As Redhat uses label to mount partitions, you will loose the swap partition. Edit /etc/fstab accordingly, do a mkswap followed by swapon /dev/sda2. You should be set!
=== Linux partition resize with LVM===
I'm logging what I've done today for future reference. Originally, I have this partition table:
||hda1||hda2||hda3||hda4||
|| NTFS || /boot || swap || vg0(lv_root,lv_opt) ||
All four being primary partitions.
My goal is to extend /opt. But this is harder than I thought since gparted does not support resizing partitions inside LVM, and one can have a maximum of 4 primary partitions. So instead, I had to
1) Shrink the NTFS partition using gparted
1) Move /boot forward
1) Drop the swap partition
1) Create a physical volume in /dev/hda3, such that the new PV is the size of my swap partition + the free space from the NTFS partition
1) Run **vgextend vg0 /dev/hda3** to add /dev/hda3 to vg0
1) Reboot
1) Run **lvcreate -L 1G -n lv_swap /dev/vg0** to re-create a swap partition in vg0
1) Make necessary adjustments to /etc/fstab to enable the new swap
1) Unmount /opt
1) Run **lvextend -L +6G /dev/vg0/lv_opt** to extend my lv_opt partition
The following never got tested because I mounted /opt in ext4dev with the extents option. It seems afterwards, all tools built for ext2/3 cease to work. I ended up re-formatting lv_opt. IF the filesystem had been ext2/3, the followings should work. Apparently tools for ext4dev are not available at the time this is documented, not even fsck....
1) Run **tune2fs -O^has_journal /dev/vg0/lv_opt** to convert the partition from ext3 to ext2, which is required for resize2fs
1) Resize lv_opt using resize2fs/gparted/qtparted
1) Run **tune2fs -j /dev/vg0/lv_opt** to convert it back to ext3
===Shrinking Linux fs with LVM===
Shrink a partition from 20G to 10G:
%%
resize_reiserfs -s 10G /dev/mapper/vg01-roothome
lvresize -L10G /dev/vg01/roothome
%%
===Linux partition resize without LVM===
This example involves resizing a linux partition sitting on an HP smartarray volume. I have a 4x36G RAID0+1 volume, which I tend to double its size. On the volume, I have a root partition, followed by a swap partition:
%%(fdisk -l)
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 8723 x 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 8724 8854 x 82 Linux swap / Solaris
%%
One should also do the following and save the output
%%
dumpe2fs /dev/sda1 | grep -i "Block size"
du -k
du -mh
%%
==Step 1: swapping in bigger drives==
Because the volume contains redundant drives, I can swap in 4 74G drives one at a time. Just wait till the rebuild completes before moving on to the next drive. On my test server with only the OS, each round of rebuild takes only 15min.
==Step 2: Extending the volume==
Check that all 4 drives are in, you should see 4 74G drives
%%
hpacucli ctrl slot=0 pd all show
%%
Check the logical drive is ready
%%
hpacucli ctrl slot=0 pd all show
%%
Then resize the logical drive. This an be done while your system is online
%%
hpacucli ctrl slot=0 ld 1 modify size=max
%%
==Step 3: Reboot system into rescue mode==
Using a Linux installation CD, reboot your server into rescue mode. There is no need to start networking or mount the existing OS partitions.
==Step 4: fsck==
Before doing anything, it is important to run fsck to make sure the filesystem is clean
%%
fsck -n /dev/cciss/c0d0p1
%%
==Step 5: Remove journal on ext3 filesystem==
Effectively making it a ext2 filesystem
%%
tune2fs -O ^has_journal /dev/sda1
%%
==Step 6: Reset partition boundary==
This is the scary part, but don't worry, you won't loose any data unless you set up a new partition that is smaller than the original one.
%%
fdisk /dev/sda
delete the swap partition (2) with the "d" command
delete the linux partition (1) with the "d" command
recreate the linux partition with the "n" command. It should begin with 1, and ends with the total size - swap size.
recreate the swap partition using the remaining space
change swap partition type using the "t" command
mark linux partition active (bootable) with the "a" command
commit the changes with the "w" command
quit fdisk
sync;sync;sync;^d
%%
The last command should reboot your system, which is required for the new partitions to take effect
==Step 7: Resize ext2 filesystem==
If you have ext3, you may use ext2online to enlarge your filesystem while it's mounted
%%
ext2online /dev/sda1
%%
Otherwise, run fs check and then resize2fs.
%%
e2fsck -f /dev/sda1
resize2fs /dev/sda1
%%
Using resize2fs without any argument will grow the filesystem to the maximum allowable size.
==Step 8: Final steps==
Do a fs check and add recreate the journal entries, effectively converting the ext2 fs back to ext3
%%
fsck -n /dev/sda1
tune2fs -j /dev/sda1
sync;sync;sync;^d
%%
The last command should reboot your system. When the system comes back up, you have a bigger root partition! Pay attention to the swap partition. As Redhat uses label to mount partitions, you will loose the swap partition. Edit /etc/fstab accordingly, do a mkswap followed by swapon /dev/sda2. You should be set!
=== Linux partition resize with LVM===
I'm logging what I've done today for future reference. Originally, I have this partition table:
||hda1||hda2||hda3||hda4||
|| NTFS || /boot || swap || vg0(lv_root,lv_opt) ||
All four being primary partitions.
My goal is to extend /opt. But this is harder than I thought since gparted does not support resizing partitions inside LVM, and one can have a maximum of 4 primary partitions. So instead, I had to
1) Shrink the NTFS partition using gparted
1) Move /boot forward
1) Drop the swap partition
1) Create a physical volume in /dev/hda3, such that the new PV is the size of my swap partition + the free space from the NTFS partition
1) Run **vgextend vg0 /dev/hda3** to add /dev/hda3 to vg0
1) Reboot
1) Run **lvcreate -L 1G -n lv_swap /dev/vg0** to re-create a swap partition in vg0
1) Make necessary adjustments to /etc/fstab to enable the new swap
1) Unmount /opt
1) Run **lvextend -L +6G /dev/vg0/lv_opt** to extend my lv_opt partition
The following never got tested because I mounted /opt in ext4dev with the extents option. It seems afterwards, all tools built for ext2/3 cease to work. I ended up re-formatting lv_opt. IF the filesystem had been ext2/3, the followings should work. Apparently tools for ext4dev are not available at the time this is documented, not even fsck....
1) Run **tune2fs -O^has_journal /dev/vg0/lv_opt** to convert the partition from ext3 to ext2, which is required for resize2fs
1) Resize lv_opt using resize2fs/gparted/qtparted
1) Run **tune2fs -j /dev/vg0/lv_opt** to convert it back to ext3
===Shrinking Linux fs with LVM===
Shrink a partition from 20G to 10G:
%%
resize_reiserfs -s 10G /dev/mapper/vg01-roothome
lvresize -L10G /dev/vg01/roothome
%%
