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*SubTopics*
~ [[TomcatNativeLibrary Tomcat Native Library]]
~ [[JavaPrivateKeyExport Export private key]]
~ [[TomcatJNDIDB JNDI and DataSource]]
~ [[TomcatSession Tomcat Session]]
~ [[TomcatJsvc Jsvc]]
~ [[TomcatSSL TomcatSSL]]
*Useful links*
~ [[http://www.onjava.com/lpt/a/3909 On Java - Top Ten Tomcat Configuration Tips]]
~ [[http://www.mail-archive.com/tomcat-user@jakarta.apache.org/msg122342.html Tomcat SSL vhost ]]
~ [[http://tomcat-configure.blogspot.com/2009/01/tomcat-maxthreads-configuration.html MaxThreads and AcceptCount ]]
~ [[http://www.mastertheboss.com/en/jboss-application-server/113-jboss-performance-tuning-1.html More MaxThreads and AcceptCount ]]
===Monitoring===
http://www.lambdaprobe.org/d/download.htm
===Connecting tomcat and apache using mod_jk or mod_proxy===
One can connect tomcat to apache via mod_proxy or mod_jk.
== Via mod_proxy_ajp on apache 2.2==
Connecting tomcat and apache2.2 couldn't be easier. [[ApacheSourceInstall Apache2.2]] has build-in support for AJP protocol. It's considerably easier than mod_jk. Here's a quick example on mounting the tomcat example webapps.
%%(apache)
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
ProxyRequests Off
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
ProxyPass /assets !
ProxyPass /css !
ProxyPass /scripts !
ProxyPass /js !
ProxyPass / http://localhost:8080/
ProxyPassReverse / http://localhost:8080/
ProxyPass /examples ajp://localhost:8009/examples
ProxyPassReverse /examples ajp://localhost:8009/examples
# Or do it with rewrite
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} /.*\.jsp
RewriteRule ^/(.*) ajp://localhost:8009/$1 [P]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} /(servlet|examples).*
RewriteRule ^/(.*) ajp://localhost:8009/$1 [P]
# Negate rewrite
BalancerMember ajp://10.10.10.3:8509
BalancerMember ajp://10.10.10.8:8509
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !\.htm$
RewriteRule /(.*) ajp://someBalancer/$1 [P]
# Enables maintenance page
RewriteEngine On
# Check for maintenance page
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !(maintenance.html$)
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/maintenance.html -f
RewriteRule .* /maintenance.html [R,L]
# Forward everything to jboss
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !(maintenance.html$)
RewriteRule ^/(.*) ajp://localhost:8009/$1 [P]
%%
== Load balancing example==
%%(apache)
ProxyRequests Off
# Defining a balancer
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
BalancerMember ajp://localhost:8009/examples loadfactor=50
BalancerMember ajp://192.168.13.10:8009/examples loadfactor=10
# Member to use only when no other members are available
BalancerMember ajp://10.0.0.1:8009/examples status=+H
# Available methods byrequests, bytraffic
ProxySet lbmethod=byrequests
# Mapping /examples to your balancer
SetEnv BALANCER_SESSION_STICKY jsessionid
ProxyPass balancer://tomcatfarm/
ProxyPassReverse balancer://tomcatfarm/
# Enable balancer manager to show load statistics
SetHandler balancer-manager
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
%%
==Balancer manager for the example above==
{{image url="images/balancer.png"}}
== Via tomcat-connector (mod_jk) ==
mod_jk has been around for some time. Installation is straight-forward on modern linux distribution.
Note: On Solaris, make, m4, libtool, automake and autoconf should be installed. Do a buildconf.sh before configure. Also export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/usr/local/lib"
%%(bash)
./configure --with-apxs=/usr/sbin/apxs
# Other options:
# --with-java-home=${JAVA_HOME} --with-java-platform=2 -enable-jni
make && make install
%%
==mod_jk setup==
workers.properties
%%(apache)
# Generic template - v1.0 - Ken Fong
# take out loadbalancer if talking to 1 tomcat.
workers.apache_log=/var/log/httpd/
workers.tomcat_home=/opt/tomcat
workers.java_home=/opt/java
ps=/
# Define list of workers that will be used
# for mapping requests
# When load-balancing is used, real workers should not be listed here.
worker.list=loadbalancer,status
# Definte default worker settings
worker.default.port=8009
worker.default.type=ajp13
worker.default.lbfactor=1
# no need to set socket_timeout in most case. default is 0
worker.default.socket_timeout=120
# for firewalled backend
worker.default.socket_keepalive=True
# ping listener before connect, timeout 5s
worker.default.ping_mode=P
worker.default.ping_timeout=5000
worker.default.connect_timeout=5000
# timeout between request and first response packet. set to longer in case of long running servlets
worker.default.reply_timeout=60000
# ping/ping before forwarding a request
# worker.prepost_timeout=5000
# worker.default.connection_pool_timeout=180
# Define Node1
worker.node1.reference=worker.default
worker.node1.host=192.168.17.101
# Define Node 2
worker.node2.reference=worker.default
worker.node2.host=192.168.17.102
# define load balancer
worker.loadbalancer.type=lb
worker.loadbalancer.balance_workers=node1,node2
worker.loadbalancer.sticky_session=true
# Load balancing method can be [R]equest, [S]ession, [T]raffic, or [B]usyness
worker.loadbalancer.method=R
# How runtime data are sync-ed. [O]ptimistic or [P]essimistic
worker.loadbalancer.lock=O
# Status worker for managing load balancer
worker.status.type=status
%%
httpd.conf
%%(apache)
# Load mod_jk
#
LoadModule jk_module libexec/mod_jk.so
#AddModule mod_jk.c
# Configure mod_jk
#
JkWorkersFile /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat/conf/workers.properties
JkLogFile /usr/local/apache/logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel warn
# Set the following if you want all vhosts to inherhit JkMounts from global
JkMountCopy All
# Interesting option to try out. possibly eliminate the need to jkmount the same url twice
JkOptions +ForwardDirectories
# Sample mount point
JkMount /jmx-console ajp13
JkMount /jmx-console/* ajp13
# First Virtual Host.
#
DocumentRoot /web/host1
ServerName host1.apache.org
JkMount /*.jsp ajp13
JkMount /servlet/* ajp13
# Second Virtual Host. Also accessible via HTTPS
#
DocumentRoot /web/host2
ServerName host2.apache.org
JkMountCopy On
DocumentRoot /web/host2
ServerName host2.apache.org
SSLEngine On
JkMountCopy On
%%
==JkMount exclusion==
Sometimes, you need to forward all requests to tomcat/jboss, except for maybe the images directory, which will be served out of apache. Here's how you can do it
%%
JkMount /* worker1
SetEnvIf Request_URI "/images/*" no-jk
%%
Then a fairly simply tomcat startup script
%%(bash;tomcat)
#!/bin/sh
# tomcat Startup script for
#
# chkconfig: 2345 90 10
# description: custom tomcat script to restart tomcat as the tomcat user
# @author : Ken Fong
# @origdate : Wed Feb 27 11:22:32 EST 2008
# @revision : 0.2
# Linux init functions
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
export TOMCAT_HOME=/opt/tomcat
export CATALINA_PID=$TOMCAT_HOME/logs/tomcat.pid
export JAVA_HOME=/usr
#export JAVA_OPTS="-Xmx512m"
TOMCAT_USER=tomcat
RETVAL=0
LOCKFILE=/var/lock/subsys/tomcat
start() {
echo -n "Starting tomcat..."
chown -R $TOMCAT_USER:$TOMCAT_USER $TOMCAT_HOME
ulimit -n 4096
su $TOMCAT_USER -c $TOMCAT_HOME/bin/startup.sh
# On BSD # su -m $TOMCAT_USER -c $TOMCAT_HOME/bin/startup.sh
echo "Tomcat started with PID `cat $CATALINA_PID`"
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${LOCKFILE}
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo -n "Stopping tomcat..."
su $TOMCAT_USER -c $TOMCAT_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh
# on BSD # su -m $TOMCAT_USER -c $TOMCAT_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh
#ps auxww | grep "$TOMCAT_HOME " | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9
echo "Killing tomcat process in case normal shutdown was ineffective"
if [ -n "`pidfileofproc $CATALINA_PID`" ] ; then
killproc $CATALINA_PID
# BSD # kill -9 `cat $CATALINA_PID`
fi
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${LOCKFILE}
return $RETVAL
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
stop
sleep 10
start
;;
esac
exit 0
%%
==Tomcat virtual host==
If in some case you need to create virtual hosts with a dedicated webapps repository, add these to server.xml:
%%(xml;server.xml)
newdomain.com
%%